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Abstract:
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In the past ten years batch dyeing processes have
become more popular because of the increased demand for
shorter lots of different style fabric. One of the most
versatile of the batch dyeing processes is jet dyeing.
Today, there is a wide range of jet dyeing equipment
available which can dye polyester fabrics at high
temperature and pressure, as well as dye cotton and other
fibers at atmospheric conditions. Because of its
versatility the jet has become one of the most popular of
the batch dyeing machines.
with the introduction of Quick Response and Just-inTime
to the textile industry, more odd size lots are being
run in jet dyeing equipment. Fabric loads in jets can be
varied up to fifty percent in production. This change in
load size is often made without regard for changes in liquor
ratio and turn-over time. If these variables influence dye
shade then variability in dye shade may be increased when
changing lot size. with the introduction of Just-in-Time
production, tighter control of shade is now being expected
from our dye houses. Therefore control of all variables the
could influence dye shade has become more and more important.
In this thesis four series of experiments were designed
to determine the influence of liquor ratio and turn-over
time in disperse dyed polyester and reactive dyed cotton
fabrics. Liquor ratios and turn-over times were varied and
measurements of KIS, Delta E*, and % Exhaustion were then
used to determine the influence of these variables on dye
shade repeatability.
The results of this work showed that liquor ratio
influences dye shade in both polyester and cotton fabrics.
Turn-over time was found to be less significant, however, a
minimum amount of dwell time is necessary in the dye liquor
to maximize dye yield in the case of reactive dyed cotton
fabrics. From this research it is recommended that more
attention be placed on controlling liquor ratio as closely
as practical when changing lot sizes in production jet
dyeing.
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